懒惰与努力的经济学 - 学习回顾

At the end of the day, most of us find ourselves on the couch, eyes glued to the television or to our smartphones, doing everything we can to conserve energy. 1[■] But are we hardwired (本能的) for it?

According to Michael Inzlicht, a social psychologist at the University of Toronto, we’re lazy and also, we’re not.

All humans, given equal options, will take the easy way out. Does it mean we’re lazy? Maybe. 2[■] We always minimize our effort and, at the same time, maximize the amount of reward we get for that effort. A study published in the journal Neuropsychologia found that our brains may be hardwired for laziness. Even though we know the benefits of exercise, we stay glued to the couch.

3[■] We can’t know for sure whether there is an evolutionary (进化的) purpose to it. But that would make sense. After all, before we were able to go to the grocery store, calories were much more directly linked to effort. Every calorie we burned meant more hunting, fishing, or gathering.

But there are the times when humans are the opposite of lazy and do very difficult things for no apparent reason. Some rewards only come from extensive effort. 4[■] Running this far might even cause more harm than good in terms of running injuries like stress fractures, back pain and so on. But we do it anyway because putting in the effort makes us feel good, says Inzlicht. 5[■]

So, in that sense, effort is worth the effort. While humans are economically aware of effort most of the time, “in some cases, the effort itself is rewarding,” says Inzlicht.

A. Think about things like running a marathon.
B. It’s not completely clear why humans behave this way.
C. It seems that we humans are gifted in the way of laziness.
D. We similarly love to space out, our brain tired of focusing.
E. But it certainly means that we’re economic with our effort.
F. Some people who appear to be lazy are suffering from much more serious problems.
G. Likewise, we might get a sense of pleasure or mastery from doing a crossword puzzle.

我的作答:未作答 正确答案:C 正确率:- 平均得分:-

题目解析

根据前文“At the end of the day, most of us find ourselves on the couch, eyes glued to the television or to our smartphones, doing everything we can to conserve energy.(在一天结束的时候,我们大多数人发现自己躺在沙发上,眼睛盯着电视或智能手机,尽我们所能来节省能量。)”可知,此处是指人类在偷懒这方面很有天赋,所以选项C“看来我们人类在懒惰方面是有天赋的。”切合文意。故选C。

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